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What does it take to become an astronaut ? Here’s what NASA says.

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These article are extracted from National Geographic !

The next class of astronauts will be selected from thousands of applicants. Some of them may walk on the moon or be the first to set foot on Mars. NASA’S NEXT SPACE travelers are vying for the job—by the thousands. During a brief window in March, 12,040 hopefuls applied to be members of the space agency’s next class of astronauts. The first round of on-site interviews, originally scheduled for late September or early October, has been pushed back to next spring because of the pandemic, says Anne Roemer, NASA’s astronaut selection manager. “Now we just have more time to scrutinize the applications.” Even without a pandemic in play, choosing NASA’s professional space travelers is no simple process. Astronauts need to be disciplined yet flexible, adventurous yet safety-conscious, capable of leading and following. They must possess a certain je ne sais quoi—in other words, the “right stuff.”


How the 'right stuff' to be an astronaut has changed over the years

The original seven astronauts selected in 1959 for the Mercury Program. Front row, left to right: Walter Schirra Jr., Donald Slayton, John Glenn Jr., and M. Scott Carpenter. Back row, left to right: Alan Shepard Jr., Virgil Grissom, and L. Gordon Cooper Jr. NASA HAD A problem 250 miles above Earth. Two astronauts, Luca Parmitano and Chris Cassidy, were crawling along the outside of the International Space Station, performing routine maintenance in 2013, when Parmitano noticed liquid accumulating in his helmet. “It feels like a lot of water,” the Italian astronaut reported over the radio—a worrisome development because in microgravity, the water could float in front of his face and possibly drown him. Though he didn’t know it, Parmitano’s space suit had a blockage in a system that circulates water for cooling, spilling it into a ventilation system connected to his helmet.


Astronauts return to Earth in SpaceX capsule. Revisit their mission aboard the space station.

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After more than two months aboard the International Space Station (ISS), NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley returned to Earth today, parachuting through the planet’s skies in a SpaceX Dragon capsule. The pair splashed down at 2:48 p.m. ET in the Gulf of Mexico—a site off the coast of the Florida Panhandle and far enough west to avoid the winds and rain of Hurricane Isaias. The pair’s journey home concludes a history-making test flight called Demo-2, which returned crewed spaceflight capabilities to the United States after a nearly 10-year hiatus. The mission lifted off on May 30, marking the first time NASA astronauts piloted a spacecraft that’s owned and operated by a commercial company, rather than the space agency itself.


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